Expansion joints are pipe fittings used to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction, deformation, and other issues caused by temperature changes, earthquakes, and other factors to ensure the safe operation of pipelines. Their functions and characteristics are as follows: Function (1) Expansion joints can effectively solve the problem of thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, prevent pipelines from being subjected to excessive stress and deformation. (2) Expansion joints can effectively reduce the impact of pipelines during natural disasters such as earthquakes caused by ground movement, avoiding pipeline rupture and leakage. (3) Expansion joints can play a role in…